: Infertility or pregnancy loss can increase risk of stroke in women: Research #IndiaNEWS #Health Washington: Infertility and pregnancy loss are associated with an increased risk of non-fatal and fatal

Infertility or pregnancy loss can increase risk of stroke in women: Research #IndiaNEWS #Health
Washington: Infertility and pregnancy loss are associated with an increased risk of non-fatal and fatal stroke in later life, found an analysis of observational studies.
The findings were published in the weekly peer-reviewed medical trade journal, BMJ.
Early monitoring of women who have experienced miscarriage or stillbirth, along with healthy lifestyle changes, could lower the risk of stroke, the researchers suggest.
Globally, stroke is one of the leading causes of death and disability in women. In 2019 around 3 million women died from stroke. Whats more, women lost a total of 10 million years of healthy life due to disability following a stroke- 44 per cent more years than men did.
Known stroke risks such as obesity, high blood pressure hypertension, and diabetes do not fully explain womens higher risk of stroke. Previous studies on the link between infertility, miscarriage, and stillbirth with long-term stroke risk have been inconclusive.
To fill in the gaps, this study aimed to assess the link between infertility, miscarriage, and stillbirth with the risk of fatal and non-fatal stroke, and specific type of stroke.
The researchers analysed data from the InterLACE consortium, which pools data on reproductive health and chronic disease, from a total of 27 studies. Data from eight studies from seven countries (Australia, China, Japan, Netherlands, Sweden, UK, and the USA) were included in the analysis.
Questionnaires were used to find information on infertility, miscarriage, and stillbirth. Data for non-fatal stroke was also found using self-reported questionnaires, or hospital records. Hospital data were used to identify cases of fatal stroke, and subtypes of stroke (haemorrhagic or ischaemic).
Overall, around 620,000 women were included in the study, aged from 32 to 73 at baseline.
Of these, 275,863 women had data on non-fatal and fatal stroke, 54,716 women only had data on non-fatal stroke, and 288,272 only had data on fatal stroke. Among these, 9,265 (2. 8 per cent) women experienced a first non-fatal stroke at a median age of 62, and 4,003 (0. 7 per cent) had a fatal stroke at a median age of 71.
Women with non-fatal stroke before the age of 40 were excluded, as they may have had a stroke before a history of infertility, pregnancy loss, or stillbirth could be established. Several factors that could have influenced the results were also taken into account, such as ethnicity, weight, lifestyle, and underlying conditions.
Infertility, miscarriage, and stillbirth were all associated with an increased risk of stroke, especially recurrent miscarriages (three or more) and stillbirths, the study finds.
Women with a history of infertility were at a 14 per cent higher risk of non-fatal stroke than women without infertility.

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